Contributing countries

In December 2009, the Government of Japan announced the assistance of approximately USD 15 billion including public and private finance, of which public finance comprises approximately USD 11 billion, as the financial assistance to developing countries up to 2012 to address climate change (announced as the 'Hatoyama Initiative', hereinafter referred to as the Fast-Start Financing). This Fast-Start Financing aims to assist developing countries, especially those making efforts to reduce emission as well as those which are vulnerable to the negative impacts of climate change, taking into account the developments in the international negotiations.

The Fast-Start Financing is composed of two types of assistance. One is Official Development Assistance (ODA) such as grant aid, technical cooperation, concessional loan and contribution to multilateral funds (USD 7.2 billion out of USD 15 billion). The other is Other Official Flow (OOF), which includes official financing in collaboration with the private sector such as the preferential loan by the Japan Bank of International Cooperation (JBIC) (USD 7.8 billion out of USD 15 billion). Since providing funds and promoting technology transfer through the public finance is not sufficient to resolve a problem of climate change, it is important to reinforce the assistance through such efforts to establish a mechanism that motivates private sector investments.

Japan aims at establishing a fair and effective frameworks with participation of all major emitting countries, and agreement on their ambitious targets. Thus, it implements assistance suited to the needs of developing countries that also make earnest efforts to this end. Japan intends to carry out assistance utilizing areas of its advantage such as the advanced technology, through which establishment of a low-carbon society will be promoted and compatibility between economy and environment will be aimed globally.

Japan's climate portfolio includes 367 projects implemented in 82 countries with the equivalent of USD 7.2 billion, as of 30 September 2010.

• Developing countries making efforts to reduce emission (including REDD+)
• Developing countries being particularly vulnerable to the negative impacts of climate change

Out of USD 15 billion of the Fast-Start Financing announced in December 2009, more than USD 7.2 billion have already been implemented as of the end of September 2010. 

(grant: 0.40 billion, loan: 3.06 billion, OOF: 3.04 billion)

Assisting developing countries in their efforts to reduce emissions in such areas as climate change policy formulation and promotion of renewable energy (e.g. solar and wind energy and geothermal)

• Solar Energy Projects (32 countries, 177 million)
• Wind Energy Projects (338 million)
• Geothermal Projects (2 countries, 491 million)
• Climate Change Policy Programs (2 countries, 649 million) 

(1)-2 REDD+: USD 223 million (REDD+ is included in mitigation)

(grant: 172 million, loan: 47 million)

Assisting developing countries to conduct survey on forest resources, and formulate forest management plan to promote sustainable usage and preservation of forests.

• Forest Preservation Programs (21 countries, 162 million)
• Contribution to International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO) (3.9 million for 12 projects)

2.  Adaptation: USD 403 million 

(grant: 316 million, loan: 86 million)

Strengthening developing countries’ capability to cope with natural disasters caused by climate change, and providing necessary equipment and facilities to take precaution against, and to recover from damages caused by disasters

• Programs for the Improvement of Capabilities to cope with Natural Disasters caused by Climate Change (26 countries, 171 million)
• Infrastructure Rehabilitation Projects for Typhoon Damage (86 million)

Assisting developing countries to tackle climate change issues (Mitigation and Adaptation); contribution to the multilateral fund established under the World Bank 

• Contribution to Climate Investment Funds (CIF) (322 million)

Notes

1. The Fast Start Financing is composed of two parts: public financing amounting to approximately USD 5.27 billion as well as private financing amounting to approximately USD 1.96 billion. 
2. As to the Grant Aid, financing for mitigation is approximately 56%, while financing for adaptation is approximately 44%.
3. As of the end of September 2010, 375 projects have been implemented in as many as 84 countries.

Africa

Mitigation:  735 million（grant: 140 million, loan: 595 million）

REDD+:  87 million（grant only）

Adaptation:  151 million（grant only）

Total:  886 million

Least Developed Countries (LDCs)

Mitigation:  268 million（rant: 134 million, loan: 134 million）

REDD+:  75 million（grant only）

Adaptation:  146 million（grant only）

Total:  414 million

Small Island Developing States (SIDS)

Mitigation:  48 million（grant only）

REDD+:  11 million（grant only）

Adaptation:  10 million（grant only）

Total:  58 million